Question:  Hello Greg,

            I really enjoy reading the “Ask Greg” section of PTM’s web site.  I read a phrase from a Christian web site that I recently visited that I have never heard of or read before.  What is “Orthodox Christianity”?  I have heard of different movements within Christianity but never have I heard of Orthodox Christianity.  Can you give me some insights into this?

            Mike

 

Answer:  Dear Mike,

            There are several uses of the word orthodox within Christianity—the one to which you have reference is a way of distinguishing historic, authentic Christianity.  There are key teachings that Christianity has always affirmed and never renounced, modified or changed.  Those doctrines confirm the identity of Christians, past and present, throughout the universal body of Christ.  The use of the word in this manner is unfortunately necessary because there are many who play fast and loose with historical Christianity as they proclaim their own brand of Christianity and as they interpret the Bible.

            Orthodox Christian teachings are outlined in the ancient creeds of Christianity which were codified by Christians in the first few centuries after Christ as a result of attacks by paganism, the state church, as well as heresies (false teaching).  The later writings in the New Testament had reference to such doctrinal challenges (John and Peter especially) without giving extensive details about the issues at hand.  The details about these challenges are documented in early Christian history—as the first few centuries of Christianity were characterized by controversies.  An elementary list of teachings that broadly define the authentic Christian faith includes:

            1.  The nature of the Godhead.  God is one, yet is Father, Son and Holy Spirit--the triune God.

2.      The deity of Jesus.  Jesus was no mere man, but God in the flesh.

3.      The full deity and personality of the Holy Spirit.

4.      Other beliefs such as baptism, the resurrection from the dead, etc. are affirmed.

Later issues were addressed by the Protestant Reformation and essentially agreed upon, though there is some diversity of opinion within Protestantism, Catholicism and the Eastern Orthodox Church (the other usage of orthodox).  These issues include:       

1.      Salvation is by grace through faith, not at all by our works or by some contribution of our works.

2.      The Bible is the fully authoritative source of truth for Christians.

3.      The church, the body of Christ, is not dominated by one denomination or one incorporation.  That is, no one humanly incorporated group owns God.  Christians belong to God, and he chooses them and places them whenever and wherever he chooses.

            The ecumenical Creeds include the Apostles’ Creed (early form called the Roman Creed)—earliest forms in 300-400, later modifications in 600-700; Nicene Creed (451); Athanasian Creed (harder to date, probably about 500-550).

            Then there are a host of councils and confessions inspired by the Reformation, which further addressed these issues.  Never were the creeds overturned or modified, but issues that flow from the creeds, like numbers 1-3 above, without excluding others, were modified and further explained.

            Hope this helps.

            In Christ,

            Greg Albrecht