Question:  Dear Greg,

            I was brought up in a Southern Baptist Church.  I have not been to church in many years.  I have visited a Presbyterian Church and feel very comfortable there and feel that it would be a wonderful place to take my children.  I don’t know all the Baptist beliefs, but can you tell me the main differences between the two churches?

            Thanks,

            Melissa

 

Answer:  Dear Melissa,

            Of course both Baptists and Presbyterians officially accept the core teachings of historic Christianity and their doctrinal teachings place them solidly within the body of Christ.

            Southern Baptists are theologically conservative, even more than other Baptist churches.  One of the primary distinctives of Southern Baptists is their stand on “biblical inerrancy”—concerning the exact and precise way in which the Bible is inspired by God and how its authority extends in our lives.  In addition to this distinctive, Baptists agree upon two ordinances: the Lord’s Supper and baptism by immersion.  Baptism (hence “Baptists”) and its mode is central to Baptist teaching.  Infant baptism is rejected as unbiblical.

            Another distinctive of Baptists is their emphasis on freedom.  By freedom, Baptists do not simply have in mind the freedom that most Protestants (as compared to Catholics and Orthodox) espouse: the priesthood of all believers, the ability that all Christians have to have a personal relationship with God—in spite of and not because of the church.  Baptists go beyond this freedom and extend it to the form of church government—rejecting all rigid, authoritarian church government in favor of congregational, democratic churches, with the primary decision makers in most congregations being deacons and boards of deacons, not even the pastor.  Each Baptist congregation is usually autonomous.  Each congregation arranges its worship, hires and fires its pastor, examines and baptizes members, etc.  Baptist congregations voluntarily are part of larger Baptist fellowships, conventions and denominations.

            Just as there are many Baptist churches, so too there are a number of Presbyterians (though not as numerous as Baptists).  Mode of governance is also a major teaching for Presbyterians.  Their church government goes back to the Greek “presbuteros” (elder).  While the Baptists take their name from their insistence upon the mode (immersion) of baptism, Presbyterians take their name because they are a church governed by presbyters or representatives.

Here you have two major differences with Baptists and Presbyterians.  Baptists are a church that rejects infant baptism—while most Presbyterians do not.  Baptists reject any church government that does not rest in congregationalism, while Presbyterians accept the authority of ordained representatives who direct the church.

There are other distinctives, including the idea that Presbyterians are generally more cerebral in their worship and generally less emotional than Baptists (though this is not to say that Baptists are not logical, nor that Presbyterians are not emotional).

Another huge topic you want to consider concerns the influence of John Calvin—the theology of God’s sovereignty over the world.  Conservative Presbyterians are known as 5-point Calvinists—the acronym TULIP is used for these five points:

1.      Total depravity

2.      Unconditional predestination

3.      Limited atonement

4.      Irresistible grace

5.      Final perseverance

Without belaboring the issue, Baptists would not be in agreement with the outgrowth and consequences of many of these affirmations.

            Hope this helps, Melissa.  May God guide you and be with you.

            In Christ,

            Greg Albrecht